Chloe Adams
A candle is typically a solid block of fuel with an embedded wick that provides light via a self-sustaining, constant flame. However, in this context, 'candle' refers to a decorative candle made with dried flowers or pressed blooms. These candles are made by drying flower petals, which can take a few weeks, and then using tweezers to place the petals on the side of a candle. Alternatively, flowers can be pressed into cards or other crafts, or used to scent candles.
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What You'll Learn
How to care for a candle plant
There are two types of candle plants: the Senecio Articulatus, also known as the Hot Dog Cactus, and the Candle Bush, also called the Candlestick Plant or Senna Alata. Here is a detailed guide on how to care for each type of candle plant.
How to Care for the Senecio Articulatus
Native to the dry, rocky landscapes of South Africa, the Senecio Articulatus is a quirky, eye-catching succulent with thick, tubular stems and small, intricate leaves. It is well-suited for indoor care and can thrive with minimal water and ample light. Its watering needs are similar to other succulents, requiring infrequent but deep watering. The "soak and dry" method works best, where you water the soil until it's saturated and then let it dry out completely before watering again. The frequency of watering depends on the climate, season, and humidity levels. During warmer months or in dry indoor environments, the plant may need more frequent watering, while in cooler months, it requires less water.
The Senecio Articulatus thrives in dry soil and should be watered sparingly as it is very sensitive to wet soil. It prefers dry environments, and extra humidity or misting can create conditions favourable for fungi. This plant usually goes semi-dormant in the winter, relying on its thick, fleshy stems for water storage. During this time, it may drop its leaves, but excessive leaf drop in other seasons may indicate stress from watering or lighting issues.
The Senecio Articulatus thrives in ample sunlight, and placing it less than 3 feet from a window can maximize its growth potential. However, too much direct sunlight can cause sunburn, so indirect light is ideal. Additionally, this plant is toxic to both humans and pets due to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. If ingested, it can cause symptoms such as drooling, vomiting, diarrhoea, and even liver damage.
How to Care for the Candle Bush
The Candle Bush is a tropical perennial that can reach up to 12 feet high, featuring lush growth and yellow flowers resembling candles. It is native to the tropical Americas, Africa, and Southeast Asia and thrives in USDA Hardiness Zones 10 and higher. This plant is drought-tolerant and weather-tough, making it suitable for gardeners of all experience levels.
When growing the Candle Bush, select a full-sun location with well-draining soil. While it can tolerate partial shade, it prefers a sunny environment. You can start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost and transplant once the plant reaches 10-12 inches in height. Alternatively, you can purchase potted seedlings from a local nursery.
The Candle Bush should be watered weekly when rainfall is insufficient, supplying at least half an inch of water to keep the soil moist. As it matures, it becomes more drought-resistant. You can feed it once a month with a half-strength solution of a balanced fertilizer to encourage it to reach its full height and produce lush blooms.
Pruning is also important for the Candle Bush. If grown as an annual, allow the plant to die back after the first frost and clear away dead growth. For perennials, prune after blooming or seed collection, trimming each branch back to half its length at a 45-degree angle. Additionally, remove any volunteer "suckers" or self-sown seeds from around the base of the perennial plant each spring to prevent overcrowding.
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Making pressed flower candles
Gather Materials and Flowers:
First, you'll need to gather some essential materials for candle making. These include:
- Wax: You can use paraffin wax, which is easily available in most grocery or hardware stores. Alternatively, you can opt for beeswax or soy candle wax, but these may be more expensive and can add colour to your candle.
- Flowers: Choose a variety of flowers, leaves, and plant materials that you find appealing. It's best to select thin-petaled blossoms as they dry quickly and are safer for attaching to candles. Thicker flowers may not adhere as well and could pose a safety risk when burned.
- Candle Container: You can use a jar or any suitable container for your candle.
- Wick: Ensure you have a wick that fits your container.
- Tools: You will need tweezers, a paintbrush, a double boiler or a tealight candle, waxed paper, and wooden chopsticks.
Press and Dry the Flowers:
The next step is to press and dry your chosen flowers. You can buy pressed flowers from craft stores or online, or you can press them yourself using an old telephone book or a flower press. It can take a few days to a week for flowers to fully dry, depending on their type.
Prepare the Candle Container:
Place the wick in the centre of your jar or container. Secure it with a drop of melted wax. Position two wooden chopsticks horizontally across the top of the jar, resting on the rim and parallel to each other. Thread the wick through the middle of the chopsticks to keep it centred and upright.
Melt the Wax:
Melt your chosen wax using a double boiler or by lighting a tealight candle of the same colour and wax type as your main candle. If using a tealight, ensure it is partially melted before proceeding.
Decorate the Candle:
Once your wax is melted, use tweezers to grab a pressed flower and place it on the side of the candle container. You can add just one piece of nature per candle or a bunch—both look beautiful. Use flowers of various sizes and colours to add depth and interest to your design. Work at different heights to create a multi-dimensional effect.
Secure the Flowers:
Dip your paintbrush into the melted wax, avoiding the flame, and gently dab around the edges of the flowers to secure them. Spread the wax gently on top of each flower until it is flat and firmly attached. Work quickly to prevent the wax from cooling, and avoid adding thick layers. Continue adding flowers until you're happy with your design.
Finalize the Candle:
Once you've finished decorating, fill in any gaps with smaller flowers or add an additional ring of decorations if needed. Allow your candle to cool slowly at room temperature. Then, trim the wick to ¼-½ inch, and your pressed flower candle is ready to be enjoyed or gifted!
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Interpreting candle flame meanings
Height of the Flame
The height of a candle flame can indicate the presence and intensity of energy. A high, steady candle flame may signify that you are feeling confident and powerful, suggesting that your intentions are gaining strength. Conversely, a small, low flame could indicate a lack of energy, with the spirits reminding you to be patient before casting a spell.
Flickering Direction
The direction in which a candle flickers can convey messages from spirits. If the flame flickers north, it suggests that your spell has made a physical mark. A southern flicker indicates that energy still surrounds you, while an eastern flicker signifies a mental aspect of your spell taking effect. If the flame flickers west, it implies that strong emotions are tied to your spell.
Crackling or Popping
A crackling or popping candle flame could mean that spirits are arguing or trying to communicate with you. It may also signify that you are dealing with communication issues in your personal life. Listen closely, as the louder the sounds become, the stronger the will to communicate with you.
Jumping Flame
A jumping flame is a sign of hesitation, indicating that your energy is unpredictable and may go against your intentions. This suggests that you should exercise caution before casting a spell, as it may not turn out as intended.
Black Flame
A black flame burning is a warning sign of negative energy or spirits. It holds darker meanings of mystery and peril, suggesting that a dark presence or misfortune may be near. In Mexican culture, a black flame is associated with the saint of death, Santa Muerte.
It is important to remember that not every candle behavior is a sign. External factors such as drafts or the way the candle was made can influence how it burns. Trust your intuition and remain open to other signs that may provide insight during your rituals or spellwork.
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The history of candle-making
The ancient Romans are often credited with developing the first true candles by dipping rolled papyrus repeatedly in melted tallow or beeswax. These candles, which lacked wicks, were used for lighting their homes, aiding travellers at night, and in religious ceremonies. However, evidence suggests that the ancient Egyptians may have been the first to use wicked candles as early as 3000 B.C., with similar practices also observed in ancient China and Japan. Chinese candles during this period were molded in paper tubes, using rice paper for wicks, and wax from insects and seeds. Meanwhile, the ancient Japanese used tree nuts for wax, and the Indians boiled the fruit of the cinnamon tree.
Candles became even more widespread in Europe following the collapse of the Roman Empire, as trading disruptions made olive oil, the primary fuel for oil lamps, scarce. During the Middle Ages, candle makers, known as chandlers, crafted candles from fats saved from kitchens or sold their own candles from their shops. Tallow, derived from cows or sheep fat, became the standard material for candles in Europe, despite its unpleasant smell due to the presence of glycerine.
The introduction of beeswax candles during the Middle Ages marked a significant improvement in candle-making. Beeswax burned cleanly and emitted a sweet fragrance, making it highly desirable. However, due to their expense, beeswax candles were primarily used in church ceremonies and only the wealthy could afford them for their homes.
The growth of the whaling industry in the late 18th century brought another major shift in candlemaking. Spermaceti, a wax derived from sperm whale oil, became readily available and was valued for its bright light, hard texture, and lack of repugnant odour when burned. The first standard candles were made from spermaceti wax, marking a transition away from tallow and beeswax.
In the 19th century, several key developments further transformed the art of candlemaking. French chemist Michel Eugene Chevreul discovered how to extract stearic acid from animal fatty acids, leading to the creation of stearin wax, which burned cleanly and was hard and durable. Additionally, the introduction of mechanized production by inventor Joseph Morgan in 1834 made candles more affordable and accessible to the masses. The discovery of how to efficiently separate and refine paraffin wax from petroleum in the 1850s also contributed to the decline of tallow and beeswax candles.
Today, candles continue to hold cultural and spiritual significance, while also taking on new roles in functionality and decor. The evolution of candle-making showcases the blend of tradition and innovation that has transformed a once-essential survival tool into a decorative and aromatic experience.
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The different types of candleholders
There are several types of candle holders, each with unique shapes, sizes, placements, and materials. Here is a guide to help you choose the right candle holder for your space:
Candlesticks
Classic candlestick holders are a great way to add height and dimension to a surface. They are perfect for setting a table for a dinner party or filling a fireplace with flameless candles. Candlesticks come in a variety of styles, heights, and materials and are commonly used for tall and thin tapered candles.
Lanterns
Lantern candle holders are an excellent choice for displaying candles in a rustic or outdoor setting. They typically feature a glass pane and a metal frame, making them durable and stylish. Lanterns are perfect for decks, patios, or any outdoor space.
Votive
Votive candle holders are designed for votive-sized candles and are perfect for adding a subtle glow to a room. They are commonly placed in bathrooms, on counters, or on mantles.
Hurricane
Hurricane candle holders feature a tall, cylindrical glass shade that protects the candle flame from gusts of wind while creating a warm glow. They offer a minimalist and sleek design without overwhelming your space. Hurricane holders come in various styles, from rustic to modern, and can be wall-mounted or free-standing.
Candelabra
Candelabras are extravagant candle holders that display candles in an elegant and whimsical arrangement. They are perfect for creating a statement and adding a touch of whimsy to a room.
Wall Sconce
Wall sconces are candle holders that double as wall decor. They can be used to create a modern or vintage feel in any room, pairing well with the surrounding decor.
Dish
A dish candle holder is used to create a trendy centerpiece with the candle as the focal point. It is often surrounded by other decor elements like plants, books, or beads to design an eye-catching display.
Tealight
Tealight candle holders are versatile and affordable, coming in various styles and designs. They can be used as decorative accents or the main attraction, depending on the arrangement. Mason jars are an excellent choice for tealight holders as they can be customized to fit any specific style.
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