Ben Carter
Making candles with vegetable shortening is an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to traditional wax-based candles. Vegetable shortening, derived from plant-based oils, burns cleanly and evenly, making it a sustainable choice for DIY candle enthusiasts. This method is particularly appealing for those looking to reduce their reliance on petroleum-based products or seeking a vegan-friendly option. By combining vegetable shortening with essential oils, wicks, and optional colorants, you can create custom candles tailored to your preferences. The process is straightforward, requiring minimal supplies and offering a satisfying way to craft personalized, aromatic candles for your home or as thoughtful gifts.
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What You'll Learn
- Gather Supplies: Wax, wicks, shortening, fragrance, dye, containers, thermometer, pouring pot, stirrer
- Melt Shortening: Combine wax and shortening, heat to 185°F, stir until smooth
- Add Fragrance: Stir in fragrance oil, 1 oz per pound of wax-shortening mix
- Prepare Wicks: Center wicks in containers, secure with glue dots or weights
- Pour & Cool: Pour mixture into containers, let cool 24 hours, trim wicks
Gather Supplies: Wax, wicks, shortening, fragrance, dye, containers, thermometer, pouring pot, stirrer
To begin making candles with vegetable shortening, you’ll need to gather all the essential supplies. Start with wax, which can be a blend of traditional candle wax (like soy or paraffin) and vegetable shortening. The shortening helps improve the candle’s texture and burn time. Ensure you have enough wax to fill your chosen containers, typically measured by weight. Next, select wicks appropriate for the size and type of candle you’re making. Cotton wicks are a popular choice, but pre-waxed or wooden wicks can also work well. The wick size should match the diameter of your container for optimal burning.
In addition to wax and wicks, vegetable shortening is a key ingredient. It acts as a softener and extender for the wax, enhancing the candle’s performance. Use pure, unflavored shortening for best results. If you want scented candles, gather fragrance oils specifically designed for candle-making. Avoid using essential oils unless you’re experienced, as they can affect the burn quality. For colored candles, prepare dye in the form of candle-specific dye chips or liquid dye, ensuring it’s compatible with the wax and shortening mixture.
Containers are another critical supply. Choose heat-resistant glass jars, tins, or ceramic vessels that can withstand the temperature of the melted wax. Ensure they are clean and dry before use. A thermometer is essential for monitoring the wax temperature, as overheating can ruin the wax or cause safety hazards. Aim for a thermometer that clips onto the pouring pot for convenience. Speaking of which, a pouring pot is necessary for melting and mixing the wax, shortening, and other additives. Select one made of stainless steel or heat-resistant material.
Finally, a stirrer is needed to blend the wax, shortening, fragrance, and dye thoroughly. A silicone spatula or wooden spoon works well, as long as it’s heat-resistant. Ensure all supplies are organized and within reach before starting the candle-making process. With these materials gathered—wax, wicks, shortening, fragrance, dye, containers, thermometer, pouring pot, and stirrer—you’ll be fully prepared to create your vegetable shortening candles.
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Melt Shortening: Combine wax and shortening, heat to 185°F, stir until smooth
To begin the process of making candles with vegetable shortening, you'll need to focus on the crucial step of melting the shortening and combining it with wax. This step is essential for creating a smooth and consistent mixture that will form the base of your candle. Start by gathering your materials: vegetable shortening, wax (typically soy or paraffin), a double boiler or a heat-safe container, and a thermometer. The goal is to melt the shortening and wax together, ensuring they reach a temperature of 185°F, at which point they will blend seamlessly.
First, measure out equal parts of wax and vegetable shortening. A common ratio is 1:1 by weight, but you can adjust this based on your preference for the candle's texture and burn time. Place the wax and shortening into the top portion of a double boiler or a heat-safe container. If using a direct heat source, ensure it's on low to medium heat to prevent overheating or scorching. The double boiler method is preferred as it provides indirect heat, reducing the risk of burning the mixture. Gradually heat the wax and shortening, stirring occasionally to encourage even melting.
As the mixture heats up, monitor the temperature closely using a thermometer. It’s crucial to reach 185°F, as this temperature ensures that both the wax and shortening are fully melted and combined. Stirring becomes increasingly important as the mixture approaches this temperature, as it helps to distribute the heat evenly and prevents any pockets of unmelted wax or shortening. Be patient, as this process can take some time, especially if you’re working with larger quantities.
Once the mixture reaches 185°F, continue stirring until it becomes completely smooth and homogeneous. This step is vital for the final quality of your candle. A smooth mixture ensures that the candle will set evenly and burn consistently. If you notice any lumps or inconsistencies, keep stirring until they dissolve. The end result should be a clear, uniform liquid that flows easily. This indicates that the wax and shortening are fully integrated and ready for the next steps in candle making.
After achieving a smooth consistency, remove the mixture from the heat source and allow it to cool slightly before adding any dyes, fragrances, or wicks. This brief cooling period helps prevent the additives from breaking down or evaporating due to excessive heat. By carefully melting the shortening and wax to 185°F and ensuring a smooth mixture, you’ve laid the foundation for a high-quality candle that will burn cleanly and efficiently. This step, though detailed, is fundamental to the success of your vegetable shortening-based candle project.
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Add Fragrance: Stir in fragrance oil, 1 oz per pound of wax-shortening mix
When adding fragrance to your candle made with vegetable shortening, precision is key to achieving the desired scent throw without compromising the candle’s structure. Begin by measuring the total weight of your wax-shortening mixture, as the fragrance oil ratio depends on this. The general rule is to use 1 ounce of fragrance oil per pound of wax-shortening mix. For example, if your mixture weighs 2 pounds, you’ll need 2 ounces of fragrance oil. Always use a digital scale for accuracy, as eyeballing measurements can lead to an overpowering or underwhelming scent.
Once you’ve measured the fragrance oil, slowly pour it into the wax-shortening mixture. Ensure the mixture has cooled to around 185°F (85°C) before adding the fragrance oil, as higher temperatures can cause the scent to evaporate or burn off. Stir the fragrance oil into the mixture gently but thoroughly, using a silicone spatula or a dedicated stirring tool. Aim for a consistent, even distribution to avoid pockets of concentrated fragrance, which can affect the candle’s burn quality.
While stirring, take care not to introduce air bubbles into the mixture, as these can create imperfections in the finished candle. Stir in a slow, deliberate manner for about 2-3 minutes to fully incorporate the fragrance oil. If you’re using a new fragrance oil, test a small batch first to ensure the scent performs well with your wax-shortening blend. Some oils may be stronger than others, so adjust the amount slightly if needed, but always stay within the recommended 1 oz per pound ratio.
After adding the fragrance oil, allow the mixture to cool slightly before pouring it into your prepared containers or molds. This brief cooling period helps the fragrance bind better with the wax-shortening mix, enhancing the scent throw when the candle is burned. Remember, the quality of the fragrance oil matters—opt for high-quality, candle-safe oils to ensure a clean and long-lasting aroma.
Finally, label your fragrance oils and keep notes on the ratios used for each batch. This practice helps you replicate successful scents and troubleshoot any issues that may arise. Adding fragrance is one of the final steps in candle-making, so take your time to ensure it’s done correctly. With the right technique, your vegetable shortening candles will not only burn beautifully but also fill the room with a delightful, consistent fragrance.
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Prepare Wicks: Center wicks in containers, secure with glue dots or weights
When preparing wicks for your vegetable shortening candles, centering them properly in the containers is crucial for even burning and a professional finish. Start by selecting wicks that are appropriate for the size of your containers and the type of wax you’re using. For vegetable shortening candles, medium to large wicks are often recommended due to the softer nature of the shortening. Once you have your wicks, measure and cut them to the appropriate length, leaving about ½ to 1 inch of excess above the container to allow for trimming later. This ensures the wick is long enough to be secured and centered effectively.
Next, position the wick in the center of the container. You can use a ruler or measuring tape to ensure it’s perfectly aligned. To keep the wick in place temporarily, attach a small metal weight or a wick holder to the bottom of the wick. These weights are typically round or cylindrical and can be purchased at craft stores or online. If you don’t have weights, a small washer or even a penny can work in a pinch. Press the weighted end of the wick firmly onto the bottom center of the container to hold it steady while you secure the top.
Securing the top of the wick is essential to keep it centered during the pouring and cooling process. One effective method is to use glue dots or a small amount of hot glue on the bottom of the wick tab (if your wick has one). Press the tab firmly onto the center of the container’s bottom, ensuring it adheres well. Alternatively, if your wick doesn’t have a tab, you can use a small piece of double-sided tape or a dab of glue directly on the wick base. This method works well for wicks with a metal sustainer or those without additional attachments.
Another popular technique is to use a wick centering device, which is especially helpful for beginners. These devices typically consist of a frame that rests on the rim of the container and holds the wick in place. Simply place the device over the container, thread the wick through the centering mechanism, and adjust it until it’s perfectly aligned. This ensures the wick remains centered as the vegetable shortening is poured and cools. If you don’t have a centering device, you can create a makeshift one using skewers or pencils laid across the container’s opening, with the wick held taut in the center.
Once the wick is securely centered, double-check its position to ensure it hasn’t shifted. A misaligned wick can lead to uneven burning or tunneling, so precision at this stage is key. If you’re making multiple candles, repeat this process for each container, ensuring consistency across all wicks. Properly centered and secured wicks will not only enhance the appearance of your vegetable shortening candles but also contribute to their overall performance and longevity. With the wicks prepared, you’re now ready to move on to melting and pouring the vegetable shortening mixture.
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Pour & Cool: Pour mixture into containers, let cool 24 hours, trim wicks
Once your candle mixture of vegetable shortening and wax has reached the desired temperature and you've added your fragrance and dye, it's time to carefully pour it into your prepared containers. This step requires precision and patience to ensure your candles set properly. Begin by placing your containers on a flat, stable surface. Slowly pour the mixture into each container, leaving about ½ inch of space at the top. This allows room for the wick to be centered and any potential shrinkage as the candle cools. If you notice any air bubbles forming, gently tap the sides of the container to release them. For larger containers, consider using a pouring pitcher with a spout for better control and to minimize spills.
After pouring, it’s crucial to let the candles cool undisturbed for at least 24 hours. This cooling period allows the mixture to harden completely and ensures the candles retain their shape. Avoid moving or disturbing the containers during this time, as it can cause uneven cooling or cracking. Place the containers in a draft-free area at room temperature, away from direct sunlight or heat sources, which can affect the cooling process. If you’re in a humid environment, ensure proper ventilation to prevent moisture from settling on the candles. Patience is key here—rushing the cooling process can ruin the texture and appearance of your candles.
As the candles cool, you’ll notice the wicks may shift or become off-center. To address this, use a wick holder or a pencil laid across the top of the container to keep the wick straight and centered. Secure the wick gently, ensuring it doesn’t dip into the wax. This step is essential for achieving an even burn later. If you’re making multiple candles, check each one periodically to ensure the wicks remain in place as the wax hardens.
After the 24-hour cooling period, your candles should be fully set and ready for the final touches. Start by trimming the wicks to about ¼ inch above the wax surface. Use sharp scissors or a wick trimmer for a clean cut. Trimming the wick ensures a steady, smoke-free burn and prevents the flame from becoming too large. If you notice any uneven surfaces or imperfections on the candle, you can carefully use a heat gun or hairdryer to smooth out the top layer, but this is optional.
Finally, inspect your candles to ensure they’re ready for use. The wax should be firm to the touch, and the wicks should be centered and trimmed. If you’ve added fragrance, give the candle a gentle sniff to ensure the scent is well-distributed. Once you’re satisfied, your vegetable shortening candles are complete and ready to be enjoyed or gifted. Remember, the pour and cool process is as much an art as it is a science, so take your time and enjoy the satisfaction of creating something beautiful and functional.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, vegetable shortening can be used as a base for making candles. It’s a vegan and affordable alternative to traditional wax, though it may burn differently and require experimentation for optimal results.
Pure, unflavored vegetable shortening (like Crisco) works best. Avoid varieties with additives or flavors, as they can affect the candle’s burn quality and scent.
Yes, vegetable shortening alone may not burn efficiently. Adding a small amount of stearic acid or beeswax can improve its firmness and burn time. Additionally, using a cotton wick designed for container candles works best.
