Chloe Adams
Burning candles is a common practice in many households, but do you know if it affects your breathing and overall health? Candles release chemicals and compounds such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), toluene, benzene, and particulate matter into the air. While some studies suggest that these emissions can cause shortness of breath, coughing, headaches, and other allergic reactions, there is no definitive research proving that candle smoke increases the risk of developing health conditions. The amount of pollutants released by candles is also relatively low compared to daily outdoor air pollution. Additionally, proper ventilation and choosing candles made from natural sources, such as beeswax or soy wax, can minimize potential health risks. So, while candles may not significantly affect your breathing, it's important to be aware of the possible effects and take precautions when enjoying their ambiance and fragrance.
Do candles affect your breathing?
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Burning candles release chemicals | Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), toluene, benzene, formaldehyde, phthalates, hydrocarbons, particulate matter |
| Health effects | Headaches, shortness of breath, coughing, eye, nose, throat and skin irritation, dizziness, confusion, anxiety |
| Health risks | Cancer, leukemia and other blood cancers, heart and lung problems, increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events |
| Recommended candles | Natural, beeswax, soy wax, other plant-based waxes, higher-quality, paper-core, cotton or wood wicks |
| Tips for burning candles | Burn in a well-ventilated area, keep away from drafts, trim wick to 5-10mm |
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What You'll Learn
The impact of candles on people with asthma
Burning candles releases chemicals such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phthalates. While candles burned in a well-ventilated area are unlikely to significantly affect your health, there is a risk of adverse health effects from exposure to particulate matter and VOCs. In particular, burning candles release trace quantities of toluene and benzene. Without proper ventilation, toluene exposure can irritate the eyes, nose, throat, and skin, as well as cause headaches, dizziness, confusion, and anxiety. Benzene, on the other hand, is carcinogenic and has been linked to an increased risk of leukemia and other blood cancers.
For people with asthma, the impact of candles is a concern. Research has shown that indoor air pollution caused by fumes from candles can cause irritation, inflammation, and even DNA damage in young individuals with mild asthma. The fine and ultrafine particles emitted by candles are small enough to penetrate the deepest regions of the lungs, translocate into the bloodstream, and access vital organs such as the heart and brain. As people with asthma are more susceptible to particulate air pollution, minimizing exposure to candle fumes is recommended for optimal asthma management.
The use of scented candles is particularly problematic for people with asthma. Scented candles release VOCs like formaldehyde, which may increase cancer risk, and they can also trigger allergic reactions and asthma attacks. The American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (ACAAI) suggest that individuals with asthma avoid scented candles.
However, it is important to note that the impact of candles on people with asthma may vary. While some individuals with asthma may be highly sensitive to scented candles, others may be able to tolerate them in well-ventilated spaces. Additionally, the quality of candles may play a role, as lower-quality candles tend to emit more particulate matter and chemicals.
Overall, while candles may not pose a significant health risk to the general population when burned responsibly, they can have a negative impact on individuals with asthma. To minimize the potential adverse effects, people with asthma should consider avoiding or minimizing their exposure to candles, especially scented ones, and opt for unscented or battery-operated flameless candles during the holidays when respiratory illnesses tend to peak.
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The effect of candle smoke on breathing
Burning candles releases chemicals and gases, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrocarbons, toluene, and benzene, which can be harmful to human health. While the amount of these substances emitted by candles is relatively small compared to other sources of air pollution, indoor candle burning contributes to fine particle pollution and can have potential effects on breathing and lung function.
The impact of candle smoke on breathing depends on various factors, including the type of candle, ventilation, and frequency of use. Scented candles, particularly those made with paraffin wax, have been associated with the release of VOCs like formaldehyde, which may increase cancer risk. However, the amount released is typically less than half of the recommended limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Additionally, individuals with asthma or allergies may experience adverse reactions to scented candles, including shortness of breath, nose, eye, and throat irritation, and headaches.
To minimize the potential risks associated with candle smoke inhalation, it is recommended to use candles made from natural sources, such as beeswax, soy wax, or other plant-based waxes. These candles produce less soot and toxic chemicals than paraffin wax candles. Ensuring proper ventilation during candle burning is also crucial to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the air. Keeping candles away from drafts can help decrease the amount of smoke produced.
While definitive research is lacking, some studies have investigated the association between candle use and respiratory health. A Danish cohort study examined the relationship between candle use and hospital admissions for respiratory events, finding no significant association between candle use and respiratory issues. However, a controlled exposure study showed that short-term exposure to candle emissions may affect lung function.
In summary, while candle smoke may contain harmful substances, the overall impact on breathing is influenced by various factors and individual differences. Proper candle selection, ventilation, and mindful usage can help minimize potential respiratory risks associated with candle smoke exposure.
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Health risks of scented candles
Burning scented candles can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, benzene, and toluene derivatives. These chemicals are known to have adverse effects on human health, including headaches, shortness of breath, coughing, irritation to the eyes, nose, throat, and skin, as well as dizziness, confusion, and anxiety.
While the effects of these chemicals can be harmful, the concentration released by scented candles is relatively low and is not considered an imminent health risk. However, frequent and long-term exposure to these chemicals, especially in inadequately ventilated spaces, may increase the chances of developing urothelial cancer and bladder cancer.
Additionally, scented candles can be asthma and allergy irritants. People with asthma or allergies may be sensitive or allergic to certain fragrances and experience symptoms such as a runny nose or sneezing.
To minimize the potential health risks associated with scented candles, it is recommended to choose candles made from natural materials such as beeswax or soy wax, ensure proper ventilation in the space where candles are burned, and opt for higher-quality candles that burn slowly and produce fewer emissions.
Overall, while there are potential health risks associated with scented candles, the current scientific consensus suggests that the levels of exposure to these chemicals during typical use are not high enough to cause significant harm. However, further studies are needed to comprehensively understand the long-term effects of scented candle usage.
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The benefits of natural candles
While burning candles can release hydrocarbons, chemicals, and pollutants into the air, natural candles are a healthier and more environmentally friendly option. Natural candles are made from biodegradable and sustainably sourced materials like soy, beeswax, and plant-based waxes, which burn cleanly and minimise the amount of particulate matter and toxic chemicals released into the air.
Benefits of Natural Candles
Clean Burning
Natural candles made from soy wax, beeswax, or plant-based waxes burn cleanly and produce less soot and toxic chemicals than paraffin wax candles. Soy wax, in particular, has a lower burning temperature, which means it will last longer and produce less soot. Beeswax is also known for being smokeless and sootless and may even help purify the air as it burns.
Eco-Friendly and Biodegradable
Natural waxes like soy and beeswax are biodegradable, which means they will eventually decompose and won't harm the environment. Soy wax is also a more sustainable option than paraffin wax because it is plant-based and easy to regrow. Beeswax is naturally derived, and while there are concerns about the impact of soybean farming on deforestation and pesticide use, it is still a more natural option than paraffin.
Minimised Health Risks
Natural candles release fewer toxic chemicals and pollutants, reducing potential health risks. Paraffin wax candles, for example, release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and toxic chemicals like formaldehyde and benzene, which may increase the risk of cancer and respiratory issues. Natural candles made from soy wax produce less soot and toxic chemicals, while beeswax candles are known for being smokeless and may even help purify the air.
Therapeutic Benefits
Natural candles, particularly those infused with essential oils and natural fragrances, can offer therapeutic benefits such as stress relief, improved sleep, and mood enhancement. The natural fragrances in these candles can fill a space with soothing or uplifting aromas, providing a sensory experience that promotes wellbeing.
Overall, natural candles offer a healthier and more environmentally conscious alternative to traditional paraffin wax candles. By minimising the release of toxic chemicals and pollutants, natural candles reduce potential health risks and provide therapeutic benefits, all while being biodegradable and eco-friendly.
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How to burn candles safely
While candles can be a great way to create a cosy atmosphere, they can also pose some risks if not used properly. Here are some tips to ensure you burn candles safely:
Choose the Right Candles
Select candles made from natural sources, such as beeswax, soy wax, or other plant-based waxes. These candles produce less soot and toxic chemicals than those made from paraffin. Opt for higher-quality candles, as they tend to burn off more slowly and emit less particulate matter. Avoid candles with lead-core wicks, choosing instead those with paper-core, cotton, or wood wicks.
Ensure Proper Ventilation
Burning candles release chemicals such as hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and phthalates. While the amount released is typically not enough to cause significant health risks, proper ventilation is crucial. Open a window or door to ensure adequate airflow when burning candles.
Keep a Safe Distance
Always place candles on a heat-resistant, sturdy surface that is large enough to catch any drips or melted wax. Keep candles at least one foot away from anything flammable, including furniture, drapes, bedding, carpets, books, paper, and flammable decorations. Ensure that burning candles are at least three inches apart from one another to prevent them from melting each other or creating drafts that affect their burning.
Never Leave Unattended
Never leave a burning candle unattended. Keep it within your line of sight and avoid moving it while it is burning or while the wax is liquefied. Extinguish the candle before leaving the room or going to bed and ensure it is completely out before leaving it unattended.
Practice Fire Safety
Always use a candle snuffer to extinguish a candle, as this prevents hot wax from splattering. Never use water, as it can cause the wax to splatter and may break a glass container. Keep candles away from hair and loose clothing, and never leave them within reach of children or pets. Do not burn candles in the bedroom or any areas where people may sleep. Keep matches and lighters out of children's reach, and always have a fire extinguisher nearby as a precaution.
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Frequently asked questions
Burning candles release hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter into the air. However, the amount released is very small and is not enough to pose a significant health risk to most people, especially if burned in a well-ventilated area.
The biggest risk of burning candles is the possibility of starting a fire, which can lead to smoke inhalation and burns. In terms of the effects of candle smoke, studies have shown no statistically significant associations between candle use and the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events. However, some people may experience shortness of breath, coughing, headaches, or allergic reactions to scented candles.
Natural candles made from beeswax, soy wax, or other plant-based waxes are the best option for minimising health risks as they release less soot and toxic chemicals. It is also recommended to choose candles with paper-core, cotton, or wood wicks, as candle wicks containing lead have been phased out due to health risks.
To burn candles safely, keep them in a well-ventilated area away from drafts and trim the wick if it gets longer than 5-10mm.
